A comprehensive study on the morphometric analysis of the human femur with anatomical and clinical correlations

Abstract

Introduction: The femur bone is the longest and strongest bone, which is crucial for locomotion, transmission of weight and maintains stability. The morphometric characteristics are significant for the orthopaedic surgery, design of the prosthesis and identification of forensic details. The study aims to evaluate the femoral measurements and the establishment of the anatomical variations with clinical significance.

Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted among 50 dry human femora, where the intact bones were only included. The digital Vernier caliper was used to take measurements, an osteometric table, and a goniometer. Data analysis was done by SPSS. The descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were performed with p < 0.05.

Result: The study findings showed that the diameter of the head and the neck parameter showed moderate variation, while the length of the femur showed low variation. The positive correlations were noted between the head diameter, neck diameter, intertrochanteric line length and the length of the femur. The regression model showed moderate fit with R² = 0.271, p = 0.001, along with 27.1% variance.

Conclusion: The study concluded that the significant morphometric variation in the human femur bone, with the diameter of the head as 41.83 ± 3.12 mm and the neck parameter showed moderate dispersion, while low variation was noted for the length of the femur.